Difference between revisions of "Agency Practice Act"
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| − | 5 U.S.C. § [http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section500&num=0&edition=prelim 500] (2012), originally enacted | + | 5 U.S.C. § [http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section500&num=0&edition=prelim 500] (2012), originally enacted by [http://uscode.house.gov/statutes/pl/89/332.pdf Pub. L. No. 89-332], 79 Stat. 1281, Nov. 8, 1965; incorporated into the U.S. Code by [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-81/pdf/STATUTE-81-Pg195.pdf Pub. L. No. 90-83], 81 Stat. 195, Sept. 11, 1967 (with minor stylistic changes); amended by [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ113/pdf/PLAW-106publ113.pdf Pub. L. No. 106-113], Div. B, § 1000(a)(9) [Title IV, § 4732(b)(2)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-583. |
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| − | The Agency Practice Act provides that an attorney in good standing in any state may represent persons before federal agencies. | + | The Agency Practice Act provides that an attorney in good standing in any state may represent persons before federal agencies. However, an agency may require an attorney to file a written declaration of current qualification and to state that he is authorized to represent the particular person before the agency. Similarly, a duly qualified certified public accountant may represent persons before the Internal Revenue Service. The Agency Practice Act was intended to prohibit agency-established admission requirements for licensed attorneys and special enrollment requirements for CPAs. The Agency Practice Act neither grants nor denies other persons the right to practice before an agency, nor does it authorize or limit an agency’s right to discipline or disbar persons practicing before it. The Patent and Trademark Office is exempted from the Agency Practice Act with respect to patent matters. |
| − | In 1982, | + | In 1982, ACUS adopted a statement on discipline of attorneys practicing before federal agencies. After studying agency concerns and existing disciplinary procedures, ACUS concluded that any current problems concerning attorney discipline before federal agencies were not of such magnitude or so widespread as to require legislative action or the adoption of uniform federal standards. |
==Legislative History== | ==Legislative History== | ||
| − | In 1957 the Department of Justice recommended discontinuing the practice of many agencies that required attorneys to apply for agency acceptance as practitioners. Several bills were introduced in the early 1960s to abolish agency admission requirements. By 1965, few agencies retained admission requirements, and only the Treasury Department and the Patent Office objected to discontinuing them. ( | + | In 1957, the Department of Justice recommended discontinuing the practice of many agencies that required attorneys to apply for agency acceptance as practitioners. Several bills were introduced in the early 1960s to abolish agency admission requirements. By 1965, few agencies retained admission requirements, and only the Treasury Department and the Patent Office objected to discontinuing them. H.R. Rep. No. 1141 (1965). [http://uscode.house.gov/statutes/pl/89/332.pdf Pub. L. No. 89-332] was enacted in 1965 with the passage of S. 1758. |
| − | In 1999, the Act was amended to substitute “Patent and Trademark Office” for “Patent Office.” | + | In 1999, the Agency Practice Act was amended to substitute “Patent and Trademark Office” for “Patent Office.” |
===Source Note=== | ===Source Note=== | ||
| − | The House report on S. 1758 is reprinted in U.S. Code Congressional and Administrative News. Professor Michael Cox’s 1982 report to | + | The House report on S. 1758 is reprinted in U.S. Code Congressional and Administrative News. Professor Michael Cox’s 1982 report to ACUS discusses federal agency attorney discipline and contains an extensive bibliography. |
| − | Also relevant is section 9 (“Use of Nonattorneys”) of the [[Administrative Dispute Resolution Act]]. | + | Also relevant is section 9 (“Use of Nonattorneys”) of the [[Administrative Dispute Resolution Act]] (5 U.S.C. § [http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section571&num=0&edition=prelim 571 note]). |
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
===Legislative History and Congressional Documents=== | ===Legislative History and Congressional Documents=== | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | ===ACUS Documents=== | + | *S. Rep. No. 755 (1965). |
| − | + | *H.R. Rep. No. 1141 (1965). | |
| + | |||
| + | ===ACUS Recommendations and Other Documents=== | ||
| + | |||
*79-7 [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/79-7.pdf Appropriate Restrictions on Participation by a Former Agency Official in Matters Involving the Agency]. | *79-7 [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/79-7.pdf Appropriate Restrictions on Participation by a Former Agency Official in Matters Involving the Agency]. | ||
*86-1 [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/86-1.pdf Nonlawyer Assistance and Representation]. | *86-1 [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/86-1.pdf Nonlawyer Assistance and Representation]. | ||
| − | + | *2021-9 [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Regulation%20of%20Representatives%20-%20Final.pdf Regulation of Representatives in Agency Adjudicative Proceedings]. | |
| − | * | + | *[https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Statement%20%238--Attorney%20Discipline.pdf Statement on Discipline of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies], 47 Fed. Reg. 58210 (Dec. 30, 1982). |
| − | *[https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Statement%20%238--Attorney%20Discipline.pdf Statement on Discipline of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies], 47 Fed. Reg. | ||
===Books and Articles=== | ===Books and Articles=== | ||
| + | |||
*Craig H. Allen, ''Attorney Ethics and Agency Practice: Representing Clients in Coast Guard Marine Casualty Investigations'', 22 J. Mar. L. & Com. 225 (1991). | *Craig H. Allen, ''Attorney Ethics and Agency Practice: Representing Clients in Coast Guard Marine Casualty Investigations'', 22 J. Mar. L. & Com. 225 (1991). | ||
| − | * | + | *ABA, ''Report to the House of Delegates on Federal Agency Attorney Discipline'' (Aug. 1982). |
| − | * | + | *Comm. on Governmental Processes, ''Report Concerning Discipline of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies'' (1982) (report to ACUS). |
| − | *Roberta S. Karmel, ''Rule 2(e)—A Reprise'', 210 N.Y .L.J. 3 (1993). | + | *George M. Cohen, [http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5188&context=flr The Laws of Agency Lawyering], 84 Fordham L. Rev. 1963 (2016). |
| − | *Melanie B. Leslie, [https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1903&context=ilj Government Officials as Attorneys and Clients: Why Privilege the Privileged?], 77 Ind. L.J. 469 (2002). | + | *George M. Cohen, [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Cohen%20Final%20Report%20December%202021%20GY%20formatted.pdf Regulation of Representatives in Agency Adjudicative Proceedings] (Dec. 3, 2021) (report to ACUS). |
| + | *Michael P. Cox, [https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Q3%201982-S08%20COX%20Reg%20of%20Attys%20Practicing%20before%20Fed%20Agencies%201982%20ACUS%20491.pdf Regulation of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies] (1982) (report to ACUS). | ||
| + | *Roberta S. Karmel, ''Rule 2(e)—A Reprise'', 210 N.Y. L.J. 3 (1993). | ||
| + | *Melanie B. Leslie, [https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1903&context=ilj Government Officials as Attorneys and Clients: Why Privilege the Privileged?], 77 Ind. L. J. 469 (2002). | ||
*Nicholas M. Wenner, Comment, ''Determining Secondary Liability under Securities Laws: Attorney Beware!'', 11 Hamline L. Rev. 61 (1988). | *Nicholas M. Wenner, Comment, ''Determining Secondary Liability under Securities Laws: Attorney Beware!'', 11 Hamline L. Rev. 61 (1988). | ||
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*'''Energy''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=6adb2880700750a2b35715bd7148775f&mc=true&node=se10.4.1003_13&rgn=div8 10 C.F.R. § 1003.3]) | *'''Energy''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=6adb2880700750a2b35715bd7148775f&mc=true&node=se10.4.1003_13&rgn=div8 10 C.F.R. § 1003.3]) | ||
*'''Environmental Protection Agency''': | *'''Environmental Protection Agency''': | ||
| − | **Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ced7faa039976091deef420c1a963e5&mc=true&node=se40.1.22_110&rgn=div8 40 C.F.R. § 22.10]) | + | **Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ced7faa039976091deef420c1a963e5&mc=true&node=se40.1.22_110&rgn=div8 40 C.F.R. § 22.10]) |
**Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ced7faa039976091deef420c1a963e5&mc=true&node=se40.30.305_110&rgn=div8 40 C.F.R. § 305.10]) | **Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ced7faa039976091deef420c1a963e5&mc=true&node=se40.30.305_110&rgn=div8 40 C.F.R. § 305.10]) | ||
*'''Farm Credit Administration''': | *'''Farm Credit Administration''': | ||
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*'''Federal Communications Commission''': | *'''Federal Communications Commission''': | ||
**Authority for representation ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_122&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.22]) | **Authority for representation ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_122&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.22]) | ||
| − | **Persons who may be admitted to practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_123&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.23]) | + | **Persons who may be admitted to practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_123&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.23]) |
**Censure, suspension, or disbarment of attorneys ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_124&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.24]) | **Censure, suspension, or disbarment of attorneys ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb8b01f2e3b421d70702d02cca543d50&mc=true&node=se47.1.1_124&rgn=div8 47 C.F.R. § 1.24]) | ||
*'''Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=6dd8b43337c0e23af2ef6b5b18d57b64&mc=true&node=se12.5.308_16&rgn=div8 12 C.F.R. § 308.6]) | *'''Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=6dd8b43337c0e23af2ef6b5b18d57b64&mc=true&node=se12.5.308_16&rgn=div8 12 C.F.R. § 308.6]) | ||
| − | *'''Federal Energy Regulatory Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b96abf500d60feec215f2965917603f4&mc=true&node=sp18.1.385.u&rgn=div6 18 C.F.R. Part 385 Subpt. U]) | + | *'''Federal Energy Regulatory Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b96abf500d60feec215f2965917603f4&mc=true&node=sp18.1.385.u&rgn=div6 18 C.F.R. Part 385 Subpt. U]) |
| − | *'''Federal Housing Finance Agency''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID= | + | *'''Federal Housing Finance Agency''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=0e7b0a62b1ed7cb8c99e9095026a6e7e&mc=true&node=pt12.10.1209&rgn=div5 12 C.F.R. Part 1209]) |
*'''Federal Maritime Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f5aeb186e76b2cdbb0e7d9b9bbc20aef&mc=true&node=sp46.9.502.b&rgn=div6 46 C.F.R. Part 502, Subpt. B]) | *'''Federal Maritime Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f5aeb186e76b2cdbb0e7d9b9bbc20aef&mc=true&node=sp46.9.502.b&rgn=div6 46 C.F.R. Part 502, Subpt. B]) | ||
*'''Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission''': | *'''Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission''': | ||
| − | **Who may practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=991e46f553910f0c7a5234aa6d347f7c&mc=true&node=se29.9.2700_13&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2700.3]) | + | **Who may practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=991e46f553910f0c7a5234aa6d347f7c&mc=true&node=se29.9.2700_13&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2700.3]) |
**Standards of conduct; disciplinary proceedings ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=991e46f553910f0c7a5234aa6d347f7c&mc=true&node=se29.9.2700_180&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2700.80]) | **Standards of conduct; disciplinary proceedings ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=991e46f553910f0c7a5234aa6d347f7c&mc=true&node=se29.9.2700_180&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2700.80]) | ||
*'''Federal Reserve Board''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=1471fc889f2565e1f1c852c507911573&mc=true&node=se12.4.263_16&rgn=div8 12 C.F.R. § 263.6]) | *'''Federal Reserve Board''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=1471fc889f2565e1f1c852c507911573&mc=true&node=se12.4.263_16&rgn=div8 12 C.F.R. § 263.6]) | ||
| Line 71: | Line 75: | ||
*'''Food and Drug Administration''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=bd49d45ed8f428d24c719fc2342c58fd&mc=true&node=se21.1.12_140&rgn=div8 21 C.F.R. § 12.40]) | *'''Food and Drug Administration''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=bd49d45ed8f428d24c719fc2342c58fd&mc=true&node=se21.1.12_140&rgn=div8 21 C.F.R. § 12.40]) | ||
*'''General Services Administration (Board of Contract Appeals)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=83d5ed3bd6c8f82d389b87352b593b69&mc=true&node=se48.7.6101_15&rgn=div8 48 C.F.R. § 6101.5]) | *'''General Services Administration (Board of Contract Appeals)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=83d5ed3bd6c8f82d389b87352b593b69&mc=true&node=se48.7.6101_15&rgn=div8 48 C.F.R. § 6101.5]) | ||
| − | *'''Homeland Security (Immigration cases)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c2f0973ecc2b25f3b68f5fad097d2a41&mc=true&node=pt8.1.292&rgn=div5 8 C.F.R. Part 292]) | + | *'''Homeland Security (Immigration cases)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c2f0973ecc2b25f3b68f5fad097d2a41&mc=true&node=pt8.1.292&rgn=div5 8 C.F.R. Part 292]) |
*'''Housing and Urban Development''': | *'''Housing and Urban Development''': | ||
| − | ** | + | **Respondent’s representative ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=5381542bdddae6b3fdf48dc3e15a6fc6&mc=true&node=se24.1.26_17&rgn=div8 24 C.F.R. § 26.7]) |
**Standards of practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=5381542bdddae6b3fdf48dc3e15a6fc6&mc=true&node=se24.1.26_18&rgn=div8 24 C.F.R. § 26.8]) | **Standards of practice ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=5381542bdddae6b3fdf48dc3e15a6fc6&mc=true&node=se24.1.26_18&rgn=div8 24 C.F.R. § 26.8]) | ||
*'''Interior''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=040013f12ae2762af63cc0ec53275436&mc=true&node=pt43.1.1&rgn=div5 43 C.F.R. Part 1]) | *'''Interior''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=040013f12ae2762af63cc0ec53275436&mc=true&node=pt43.1.1&rgn=div5 43 C.F.R. Part 1]) | ||
| − | * | + | *I'''nternal Revenue Service''': |
| − | **Recognized representative ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=0770dbd2a43b43da774783adbff18820&mc=true&node=se26.22.601_1502&rgn=div8 26 C.F.R. 601.502]) | + | **Recognized representative ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=0770dbd2a43b43da774783adbff18820&mc=true&node=se26.22.601_1502&rgn=div8 26 C.F.R. 601.502]) |
**Practice before the Internal Revenue Service ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=e68ef2eaed78fc35ffe60c6362270999&mc=true&node=pt31.1.10&rgn=div5 31 C.F.R. Part 10]) | **Practice before the Internal Revenue Service ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=e68ef2eaed78fc35ffe60c6362270999&mc=true&node=pt31.1.10&rgn=div5 31 C.F.R. Part 10]) | ||
| − | *Justice (Immigration cases) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=887c19433a2dc8a2ea655c9dff179874&mc=true&node=se28.2.68_133&rgn=div8 28 C.F.R. § 68.33(c)]) | + | *'''Justice (Immigration cases)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=887c19433a2dc8a2ea655c9dff179874&mc=true&node=se28.2.68_133&rgn=div8 28 C.F.R. § 68.33(c)]) |
| − | *Labor | + | *'''Labor''': |
| − | **Representatives ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c576b6bbc98c54b33c6aeb1c929956e0&mc=true&node=se29.1.18_122&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 18.22]) | + | **Representatives ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c576b6bbc98c54b33c6aeb1c929956e0&mc=true&node=se29.1.18_122&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 18.22]) |
**Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c576b6bbc98c54b33c6aeb1c929956e0&mc=true&node=se29.2.417_18&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 417.8]) | **Appearances ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c576b6bbc98c54b33c6aeb1c929956e0&mc=true&node=se29.2.417_18&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 417.8]) | ||
**Benefits Review Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c42b01554983a311900fd306180b6a09&mc=true&node=se20.4.802_1202&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 802.202]) | **Benefits Review Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c42b01554983a311900fd306180b6a09&mc=true&node=se20.4.802_1202&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 802.202]) | ||
| − | **Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=2b2327323032290893364253bb2ddf0f&mc=true&node=se20.3.501_19&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 501.9]) | + | **Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=2b2327323032290893364253bb2ddf0f&mc=true&node=se20.3.501_19&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 501.9]) |
**Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3fc6dd581a35f1ec65b7a711781c30f4&mc=true&node=se20.4.702_1131&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 702.131]) | **Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3fc6dd581a35f1ec65b7a711781c30f4&mc=true&node=se20.4.702_1131&rgn=div8 20 C.F.R. § 702.131]) | ||
| − | *Maritime Administration (Transportation) | + | *'''Maritime Administration (Transportation)''': |
**Attorneys or agents ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=92f303ab9cc120f2e94444660c0e50aa&mc=true&node=se46.8.201_115&rgn=div8 46 C.F.R. § 201.15]) | **Attorneys or agents ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=92f303ab9cc120f2e94444660c0e50aa&mc=true&node=se46.8.201_115&rgn=div8 46 C.F.R. § 201.15]) | ||
**Service of process and other documents ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=92f303ab9cc120f2e94444660c0e50aa&mc=true&node=se46.8.201_116&rgn=div8 46 C.F.R. § 201.16]) | **Service of process and other documents ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=92f303ab9cc120f2e94444660c0e50aa&mc=true&node=se46.8.201_116&rgn=div8 46 C.F.R. § 201.16]) | ||
| − | *Merit Systems Protection Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=a3325bb7e6d4185b9efdbd5a821385ad&mc=true&node=se5.3.1201_131&rgn=div8 5 C.F.R. § 1201.31]) | + | *'''Merit Systems Protection Board''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=a3325bb7e6d4185b9efdbd5a821385ad&mc=true&node=se5.3.1201_131&rgn=div8 5 C.F.R. § 1201.31]) |
| − | *National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (Transportation) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=62b656ae82fbdedcefd5b9d5c02bc0e8&mc=true&node=sp49.6.511.h&rgn=div6 49 C.F.R. Part 511, Subpt. H]) | + | *'''National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (Transportation)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=62b656ae82fbdedcefd5b9d5c02bc0e8&mc=true&node=sp49.6.511.h&rgn=div6 49 C.F.R. Part 511, Subpt. H]) |
| − | *National Labor Relations Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb32e45958e5c16020399ac01f825df7&mc=true&node=se29.2.102_1177&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 102.177]) | + | *'''National Labor Relations Board''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=eb32e45958e5c16020399ac01f825df7&mc=true&node=se29.2.102_1177&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 102.177]) |
| − | *National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Commerce) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=5f2370a6952f51bd02f78dde8fc16b14&mc=true&node=se15.3.904_15&rgn=div8 15 C.F.R. § 904.5]) | + | *'''National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Commerce)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=5f2370a6952f51bd02f78dde8fc16b14&mc=true&node=se15.3.904_15&rgn=div8 15 C.F.R. § 904.5]) |
| − | *National Science Foundation ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=623c22129e21663d003748e0deb040db&mc=true&node=se45.3.672_16&rgn=div8 45 C.F.R. § 672.6]) | + | *'''National Science Foundation''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=623c22129e21663d003748e0deb040db&mc=true&node=se45.3.672_16&rgn=div8 45 C.F.R. § 672.6]) |
| − | *National Transportation Safety Board ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=46209e63fd2b5a930416692bf032ba0e&mc=true&node=se49.7.821_16&rgn=div8 49 C.F.R. § 821.6]) | + | *'''National Transportation Safety Board''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=46209e63fd2b5a930416692bf032ba0e&mc=true&node=se49.7.821_16&rgn=div8 49 C.F.R. § 821.6]) |
| − | *Navy (JAG cases) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=adee4211ece1c277c893a7fc6f4acace&mc=true&node=pt32.5.776&rgn=div5 32 C.F.R. Part 776]) | + | *'''Navy (JAG cases)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=adee4211ece1c277c893a7fc6f4acace&mc=true&node=pt32.5.776&rgn=div5 32 C.F.R. Part 776]) |
| − | *Nuclear Regulatory Commission ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=aea5cda3308606eecb9979012d24a66d&mc=true&node=se10.1.2_1314&rgn=div8 10 C.F.R. § 2.314]) | + | *'''Nuclear Regulatory Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=aea5cda3308606eecb9979012d24a66d&mc=true&node=se10.1.2_1314&rgn=div8 10 C.F.R. § 2.314]) |
| − | *Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission | + | *'''Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission''': |
**Representation of parties and intervenors ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f2f929295505f2552686bc28d5f51cb7&mc=true&node=se29.9.2200_122&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2200.22]) | **Representation of parties and intervenors ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f2f929295505f2552686bc28d5f51cb7&mc=true&node=se29.9.2200_122&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2200.22]) | ||
| − | **Appearances and withdrawals ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f2f929295505f2552686bc28d5f51cb7&mc=true&node=se29.9.2200_123&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2200.23]) | + | **Appearances and withdrawals ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f2f929295505f2552686bc28d5f51cb7&mc=true&node=se29.9.2200_123&rgn=div8 29 C.F.R. § 2200.23]) |
| − | *Postal Rate Commission ([https://www.ecfr.gov/ | + | *'''Postal Rate Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-39/chapter-III/subchapter-C/part-3010/subpart-C/section-3010.143 39 C.F.R. § 3010.43]) |
| − | *Postal Service ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=e0198e198aa3255d2cca3b6d901c0b01&mc=true&node=pt39.1.951&rgn=div5 39 C.F.R. Part 951]) | + | *'''Postal Service''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=e0198e198aa3255d2cca3b6d901c0b01&mc=true&node=pt39.1.951&rgn=div5 39 C.F.R. Part 951]) |
| − | *Securities and Exchange Commission | + | *'''Securities and Exchange Commission''': |
**Appearance and practice before the Commission ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=7d8fdfcd06f0d6ad7554fe99b6bbba23&mc=true&node=se17.3.201_1102&rgn=div8 17 C.F.R. § 201.102]) | **Appearance and practice before the Commission ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=7d8fdfcd06f0d6ad7554fe99b6bbba23&mc=true&node=se17.3.201_1102&rgn=div8 17 C.F.R. § 201.102]) | ||
| − | **Standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the Commission in the representation of an issuer ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=7d8fdfcd06f0d6ad7554fe99b6bbba23&mc=true&node=pt17.3.205&rgn=div5 17 C.F.R. Part 205]) | + | **Standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the Commission in the representation of an issuer ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=7d8fdfcd06f0d6ad7554fe99b6bbba23&mc=true&node=pt17.3.205&rgn=div5 17 C.F.R. Part 205]) |
| − | *Small Business Administration ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=28f7d50ee548e9a0e3a39016b8e280f3&mc=true&node=se13.1.134_1208&rgn=div8 13 C.F.R. § 134.208]) | + | *'''Small Business Administration''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=28f7d50ee548e9a0e3a39016b8e280f3&mc=true&node=se13.1.134_1208&rgn=div8 13 C.F.R. § 134.208]) |
| − | *Social Security Administration ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=05fb75bc1fe715e79467210d8b6cf257&mc=true&node=sp20.2.404.r&rgn=div6 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpt. R]) | + | *'''Social Security Administration''': |
| − | *Surface Transportation Board (Transportation) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=d215d68e430af1602ec553af465c3414&mc=true&node=pt49.8.1103&rgn=div5 49 C.F.R. Part 1103]) | + | **Federal Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=05fb75bc1fe715e79467210d8b6cf257&mc=true&node=sp20.2.404.r&rgn=div6 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpt. R]) |
| − | *Transportation, Office of the Secretary (Aviation proceedings) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b0ee6bf476ca3038416453664d7887f6&mc=true&node=se14.4.302_1416&rgn=div8 14 C.F.R. § 302.416]) | + | **Supplemental Security Income ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=83d1b20bad9d7ed11c16113dc15305b9&mc=true&node=sp20.2.416.o&rgn=div6 20 C.F.R. Part 416, Subpt. O]) |
| − | *Treasury (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ca903ef2d424c95a7c75100b3de052b&mc=true&node=pt31.1.8&rgn=div5 31 C.F.R. Part 8]) | + | *'''Surface Transportation Board (Transportation)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=d215d68e430af1602ec553af465c3414&mc=true&node=pt49.8.1103&rgn=div5 49 C.F.R. Part 1103]) |
| − | *United States International Trade Commission ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=aa58a14f4dd639eea8d1048cf232aca2&mc=true&node=se19.3.201_115&rgn=div8 19 C.F.R. § 201.15]) | + | *'''Transportation, Office of the Secretary (Aviation proceedings)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b0ee6bf476ca3038416453664d7887f6&mc=true&node=se14.4.302_1416&rgn=div8 14 C.F.R. § 302.416]) |
| − | *Veterans Affairs (Board of Veterans’ Appeals) ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b1839321dd2c2023f65d5f2e138a304b&mc=true&node=pt38.1.14&rgn=div5 38 C.F.R. Part 14]) | + | *'''Treasury (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=3ca903ef2d424c95a7c75100b3de052b&mc=true&node=pt31.1.8&rgn=div5 31 C.F.R. Part 8]) |
| + | *'''United States International Trade Commission''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=aa58a14f4dd639eea8d1048cf232aca2&mc=true&node=se19.3.201_115&rgn=div8 19 C.F.R. § 201.15]) | ||
| + | *'''United States Patent and Trademark Office (Trademark and other non-patent matters)''': ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=bad63274fe09acd24bee5960383724cf&mc=true&node=se37.1.11_114&rgn=div8 37 C.F.R. § 11.14]) | ||
| + | *'''Veterans Affairs (Board of Veterans’ Appeals)''' ([https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=b1839321dd2c2023f65d5f2e138a304b&mc=true&node=pt38.1.14&rgn=div5 38 C.F.R. Part 14]) | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| + | |||
==Statutory Provisions== | ==Statutory Provisions== | ||
| − | Agency Practice Act | + | Agency Practice Act |
| + | |||
| + | Title 5 U.S. Code | ||
| + | |||
| + | [http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section500&num=0&edition=prelim § 500. Administrative practice; general provisions] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:38, 8 August 2023
5 U.S.C. § 500 (2012), originally enacted by Pub. L. No. 89-332, 79 Stat. 1281, Nov. 8, 1965; incorporated into the U.S. Code by Pub. L. No. 90-83, 81 Stat. 195, Sept. 11, 1967 (with minor stylistic changes); amended by Pub. L. No. 106-113, Div. B, § 1000(a)(9) [Title IV, § 4732(b)(2)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-583.
Contents
Overview
The Agency Practice Act provides that an attorney in good standing in any state may represent persons before federal agencies. However, an agency may require an attorney to file a written declaration of current qualification and to state that he is authorized to represent the particular person before the agency. Similarly, a duly qualified certified public accountant may represent persons before the Internal Revenue Service. The Agency Practice Act was intended to prohibit agency-established admission requirements for licensed attorneys and special enrollment requirements for CPAs. The Agency Practice Act neither grants nor denies other persons the right to practice before an agency, nor does it authorize or limit an agency’s right to discipline or disbar persons practicing before it. The Patent and Trademark Office is exempted from the Agency Practice Act with respect to patent matters.
In 1982, ACUS adopted a statement on discipline of attorneys practicing before federal agencies. After studying agency concerns and existing disciplinary procedures, ACUS concluded that any current problems concerning attorney discipline before federal agencies were not of such magnitude or so widespread as to require legislative action or the adoption of uniform federal standards.
Legislative History
In 1957, the Department of Justice recommended discontinuing the practice of many agencies that required attorneys to apply for agency acceptance as practitioners. Several bills were introduced in the early 1960s to abolish agency admission requirements. By 1965, few agencies retained admission requirements, and only the Treasury Department and the Patent Office objected to discontinuing them. H.R. Rep. No. 1141 (1965). Pub. L. No. 89-332 was enacted in 1965 with the passage of S. 1758.
In 1999, the Agency Practice Act was amended to substitute “Patent and Trademark Office” for “Patent Office.”
Source Note
The House report on S. 1758 is reprinted in U.S. Code Congressional and Administrative News. Professor Michael Cox’s 1982 report to ACUS discusses federal agency attorney discipline and contains an extensive bibliography.
Also relevant is section 9 (“Use of Nonattorneys”) of the Administrative Dispute Resolution Act (5 U.S.C. § 571 note).
Bibliography
Legislative History and Congressional Documents
- S. Rep. No. 755 (1965).
- H.R. Rep. No. 1141 (1965).
ACUS Recommendations and Other Documents
- 79-7 Appropriate Restrictions on Participation by a Former Agency Official in Matters Involving the Agency.
- 86-1 Nonlawyer Assistance and Representation.
- 2021-9 Regulation of Representatives in Agency Adjudicative Proceedings.
- Statement on Discipline of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies, 47 Fed. Reg. 58210 (Dec. 30, 1982).
Books and Articles
- Craig H. Allen, Attorney Ethics and Agency Practice: Representing Clients in Coast Guard Marine Casualty Investigations, 22 J. Mar. L. & Com. 225 (1991).
- ABA, Report to the House of Delegates on Federal Agency Attorney Discipline (Aug. 1982).
- Comm. on Governmental Processes, Report Concerning Discipline of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies (1982) (report to ACUS).
- George M. Cohen, The Laws of Agency Lawyering, 84 Fordham L. Rev. 1963 (2016).
- George M. Cohen, Regulation of Representatives in Agency Adjudicative Proceedings (Dec. 3, 2021) (report to ACUS).
- Michael P. Cox, Regulation of Attorneys Practicing Before Federal Agencies (1982) (report to ACUS).
- Roberta S. Karmel, Rule 2(e)—A Reprise, 210 N.Y. L.J. 3 (1993).
- Melanie B. Leslie, Government Officials as Attorneys and Clients: Why Privilege the Privileged?, 77 Ind. L. J. 469 (2002).
- Nicholas M. Wenner, Comment, Determining Secondary Liability under Securities Laws: Attorney Beware!, 11 Hamline L. Rev. 61 (1988).
Agency Regulations
- Agriculture (7 C.F.R. § 1.26)
- Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (12 C.F.R. § 1081.107)
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission:
- Appearance in adjudicatory proceedings (17 C.F.R. § 10.11)
- Rules Relating to Suspension or Disbarment from Appearance and Practice (17 C.F.R. Part 14)
- Consumer Product Safety Commission (16 C.F.R. Part 1025, Subpt. G)
- Drug Enforcement Administration (Justice)
- Appearance; representation; authorization (21 C.F.R. § 1316.50)
- Conduct of hearing and parties; ex parte communications (21 C.F.R. § 1316.51)
- Energy (10 C.F.R. § 1003.3)
- Environmental Protection Agency:
- Appearances (40 C.F.R. § 22.10)
- Appearances (40 C.F.R. § 305.10)
- Farm Credit Administration:
- Appearance and practice (12 C.F.R. § 622.3)
- Practice before the Farm Credit Administration (12 C.F.R. Part 623)
- Federal Aviation Administration (Transportation) (14 C.F.R. § 13.33)
- Federal Communications Commission:
- Authority for representation (47 C.F.R. § 1.22)
- Persons who may be admitted to practice (47 C.F.R. § 1.23)
- Censure, suspension, or disbarment of attorneys (47 C.F.R. § 1.24)
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (12 C.F.R. § 308.6)
- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (18 C.F.R. Part 385 Subpt. U)
- Federal Housing Finance Agency (12 C.F.R. Part 1209)
- Federal Maritime Commission (46 C.F.R. Part 502, Subpt. B)
- Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission:
- Who may practice (29 C.F.R. § 2700.3)
- Standards of conduct; disciplinary proceedings (29 C.F.R. § 2700.80)
- Federal Reserve Board (12 C.F.R. § 263.6)
- Federal Trade Commission (16 C.F.R. § 4.1)
- Food and Drug Administration (21 C.F.R. § 12.40)
- General Services Administration (Board of Contract Appeals) (48 C.F.R. § 6101.5)
- Homeland Security (Immigration cases) (8 C.F.R. Part 292)
- Housing and Urban Development:
- Respondent’s representative (24 C.F.R. § 26.7)
- Standards of practice (24 C.F.R. § 26.8)
- Interior (43 C.F.R. Part 1)
- Internal Revenue Service:
- Recognized representative (26 C.F.R. 601.502)
- Practice before the Internal Revenue Service (31 C.F.R. Part 10)
- Justice (Immigration cases) (28 C.F.R. § 68.33(c))
- Labor:
- Representatives (29 C.F.R. § 18.22)
- Appearances (29 C.F.R. § 417.8)
- Benefits Review Board (20 C.F.R. § 802.202)
- Employees’ Compensation Appeals Board (20 C.F.R. § 501.9)
- Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act (20 C.F.R. § 702.131)
- Maritime Administration (Transportation):
- Attorneys or agents (46 C.F.R. § 201.15)
- Service of process and other documents (46 C.F.R. § 201.16)
- Merit Systems Protection Board (5 C.F.R. § 1201.31)
- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (Transportation) (49 C.F.R. Part 511, Subpt. H)
- National Labor Relations Board (29 C.F.R. § 102.177)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Commerce) (15 C.F.R. § 904.5)
- National Science Foundation (45 C.F.R. § 672.6)
- National Transportation Safety Board (49 C.F.R. § 821.6)
- Navy (JAG cases) (32 C.F.R. Part 776)
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission (10 C.F.R. § 2.314)
- Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission:
- Representation of parties and intervenors (29 C.F.R. § 2200.22)
- Appearances and withdrawals (29 C.F.R. § 2200.23)
- Postal Rate Commission (39 C.F.R. § 3010.43)
- Postal Service (39 C.F.R. Part 951)
- Securities and Exchange Commission:
- Appearance and practice before the Commission (17 C.F.R. § 201.102)
- Standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the Commission in the representation of an issuer (17 C.F.R. Part 205)
- Small Business Administration (13 C.F.R. § 134.208)
- Social Security Administration:
- Federal Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpt. R)
- Supplemental Security Income (20 C.F.R. Part 416, Subpt. O)
- Surface Transportation Board (Transportation) (49 C.F.R. Part 1103)
- Transportation, Office of the Secretary (Aviation proceedings) (14 C.F.R. § 302.416)
- Treasury (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms) (31 C.F.R. Part 8)
- United States International Trade Commission (19 C.F.R. § 201.15)
- United States Patent and Trademark Office (Trademark and other non-patent matters): (37 C.F.R. § 11.14)
- Veterans Affairs (Board of Veterans’ Appeals) (38 C.F.R. Part 14)
Statutory Provisions
Agency Practice Act
Title 5 U.S. Code
